Impact of collaborative learning in the online environment

Various techniques (such as team based learning, classroom experiments, simulations, problem based learning, case studies, term projects, and various experiential learning strategies) have been developed to move students from passive observers to active participants in their own learning. Much evidence has been produced demonstrating improved short- and long- term educational outcomes when students are engaged in the educational process, and particularly when they are engaged with each other (usually referred to as collaborative learning). Collaborative learning has frequently been suggested as a way of helping disadvantaged students bridge the achievement gap as all of the usual advantages of active and collaborative learning (its more hands-on nature, focus on problem solving and critical thinking, etc.) are seen as particularly important to this group.

The past decade has also brought a dramatic increase in online learning, both at traditional bricks-and-mortor universities and in fully online institutions. The online learning landscapes is dominated by asynchronous teaching strategies, since these typically allow the greatest flexibility to the student, and it is this flexibility that is one of the most appealing aspects of online learning. While asynchronous learning may make collaborative learning more challenging, it does not rule out the possibility. This paper describes several collaborative methods that can be utilized in the online environment and details how they can be implemented. It includes a discussion of the challenges and benefits of implementing each, along with student and faculty perceptions of each method. Preliminary results comparing educational outcomes associated with the methods, including any variations in outcomes on the basis of demographic characteristics (age, gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status) will be presented.