Jennifer Michaels, Ph.D., Management and Economics, Emmanuel College, 400 The Fenway, Boston, MA 02115
This paper is an estimation of the impacts that changes in education and family decisions have on the wealth of women at different periods of retirement. Currently, approximately 30% of elderly women are in or below the poverty level, which is in excess of the elderly male poverty rate. As the baby boomer generation retires, the phenomena may be exacerbated. However, the factors that have contributed to the high poverty rate of women may be reversed or diminished. Women are having fewer children and are having them later in life. Women now have a higher labor force participation rate in their earlier years and they have more education than before. On the other hand, they are also getting married later in life and the divorce rate has increased. National Longtitudinal Survey (NLS79 and NLS97) data are used to estimate what the individual and combined effects of these changes are on womens' retirement experience. Given these estimates, the future experience is forecasted. The expected results are a weak improvement in the situation, which may have been diminished by low savings rates and stock market performance. The results of the paper will help inform policy decisions as policy makers grapple with reforming social security.