We are living in the era of globalisation of markets and developed technologies. Thus an interesting question arises in terms of future citizenship. Currently the citizenship is well linked to place, but in the globalised online world locality might be irrelevant.

In the trade literature, citizenship is traditionally considered in this context: (i) citizenship as status (practically the status is associated with membership in a nation state), (ii) citizenship as rights and responsibilities (formal capacities and immunities associated with membership in particular communities), and (iii) citizenship as identity (behavioural aspects of individuals acting and conceiving of themselves as members of particular cultural, ethnic or political communities). E-technologies affect all three dimensions. They have the potential to bring easier access to citizenship, introduce a convenient mode of civil rights applications (e.g. e-voting). On the other hand, this phenomenon has an ICT security aspect.

An interesting case in terms of e-citizenship adoption is e-Estonia. In 2014 Estonia allowed non-residents the possibility of e-residence with the purpose of launching and managing companies and generally attracting people to significantly raise Estonian’s competitiveness on the global market. Considering that currently Estonia has 1.3 million citizens, the target number of e-Estonians being 10 million by 2025 is really ambitious. Based on Dumbrava (2014) the association between e-residence and citizenship raises normative issues in the context of which physical residence becomes less important as a normative basis for membership and when contribution-based arguments for admission to citizenship gain broader support. However, the Estonian e-residence scheme is designed and presented as a mere bundle of services and transactions empowered by technological innovation. From this perspective, there are no important concerns with regard to its implications for citizenship.

We have conducted qualitative research in the form of structured interviews with key representatives of Czech interest groups (government office, selected public institutions, corporates, people). The interview included discussions of possibilities for upgrading the e-solutions for Czech citizens and companies, e-voting, e-reporting and also ICT security. The average time to complete the interview was 75 minutes. The results prove that all representatives are interested in this phenomenon to a certain extent. The next step in our research would be to match the intersection of interests among key groups.